In this page you find:
The Endian 4i Edge Appliance includes many useful services to prevent threats and to monitor the networks and the running daemons, whose activation and set up is explained in this section. In particular, among them, we highlight the various proxy services, such as the antivirus engine, as well as the intrusion detection system, high availability, and traffic monitoring. The available services appear as items in the sub-menu list on the left-hand side of the screen.
DHCP server - DHCP server for automatic IP assignment
Dynamic DNS - Client for dynamic DNS providers such as DynDNS (for home / small office use)
Time server - enable and configure the NTP time server, set the time zone, or update the time manually
Intrusion Prevention - configure snort, the IPS
High availability - configure the Endian 4i Edge Appliance in a high availability setup
Traffic Monitoring - monitor network traffic and flows with ntopng
SNMP Server - enable or disable support for the Simple Network Management Protocol
Quality of Service - IP traffic prioritisation.
Serial port - configure the serial port.
The DHCP server is used by the clients (workstations and servers) in the zones controlled by the Endian 4i Edge Appliance to receive an IP address (“lease”), and allows to control the IP address assigned to them in a centralised way. Two types of leases can be assigned to clients: Dynamic and fixed. The DHCP server page is divided into three boxes, namely Server configuration, in which to configure the DHCP server, Fixed leases, showing the fixed leases, and Dynamic leases that shows client which obtained a dynamic lease. Dynamic leases are assigned on a network basis within a given range that is configured in the first box, whereas fixed leases are assigned on a per-host basis and are configured in the second box.
When a client (be it either a host or another device such as networked printer) joins the network it will automatically get a valid IP address from a range of addresses and other settings from the DHCP service. The client must be configured to use DHCP, which is sometimes called “automatic network configuration”, and is often the default setting on most workstations. Dynamic leases are configured on a zone basis: for example, it is possible to enable them only for clients in the GREEN zone, while the other active zones receive only fixed leases.
It is however possible to let also devices in the ORANGE (DMZ) or BLUE (WLAN) zone receive dynamic leases.
To customise the DHCP parameters for a zone, tick on the checkbox under the label Enable DHCP server on GREEN | ORANGE | BLUE interface label. This will show a Settings panel containing the following options.
Note
If a zone has not yet been configured, the checkbox to configure the DHCP server will be disabled for that zone.
Enable the DHCP server in the zone.
The range of IP addresses to be supplied to the clients. These addresses have to be within the subnet that has been assigned to the corresponding zone. If some hosts should receive a fixed lease, (see below), make sure their IP addresses are included neither in this range nor in the range of the OpenVPN address pool (see ) to avoid conflicts.
Leaving these two fields blank will use the whole IP range of the zone for dynamic leases.
Tick this checkbox to use fixed leases only. No dynamic lease will be assigned.
The default and the maximum time in minutes before the assignment of each lease expires and the client requests a new lease from the DHCP server.
The default domain name suffix that is passed to the clients and that will be used for local domain searches.
The default gateway that the clients in the zone will used. If left blank, the default gateway is the Endian 4i Edge Appliance itself.
The DNS used by the clients. Since the Endian 4i Edge Appliance contains a caching DNS server, the default value is the firewall’s own IP address in the respective zone, though a second server or even the primary value can be changed.
The NTP servers used by the clients, to keep the clocks synchronised.
The WINS servers used by the clients. This option is only needed for the Microsoft Windows networks that use WINS.
Advanced users might want to add some custom configuration lines to
be added to the dhcpd.conf file (e.g., custom routes to
subnets) by writing them in the text area at the bottom, marked
with the Custom configuration lines label. Refer to this
example for a use case.
Warning
No syntax check on these lines is carried out: the lines are appended to the configuration file. Any mistake here might inhibit the DHCP server from starting!
It is sometimes necessary or desirable for certain devices to always use the same IP address while still using DHCP, for example servers that provide services like a VoIP box, a SVN repository, a file server, or devices like printers or scanners. A fixed lease is usually referred to as Static IP Address, since a device will always receive the same IP address when requesting a lease from the DHCP server.
This box reports the list of all the fixed leases currently active in the local network, providing several information about that lease. By clicking on the Add a fixed lease link, new fixed leases can be assigned to a device and insert all the information that will be displayed in the list. The devices are identified by their MAC addresses.
Note
Assigning a fixed lease from the DHCP server is very different from setting up the IP address manually on a device. Indeed, in the latter case, the device will still contact the DHCP server to receive its address and to announce its presence on the network. When the IP address required by the device has already been assigned, however, a dynamic lease will be given to the device.
The following parameters can be set for fixed leases:
The client’s MAC address.
The IP address that will always be assigned to the client.
An optional description of the device receiving the lease.
Additional options appear when the Advanced options panel is expanded:
The address of the TFTP server. This and the next two options are useful only in a few cases (see below for an example).
The boot image file name. Option needed only for thin clients or network boot.
The path of the boot image file.
If this checkbox is not ticked, the fixed lease will be stored but
not written down to the file dhcpd.conf.
The actions available for each fixed lease in the table are:
- toggle the status of the lease, enabled or disabled.
- modify the property of the lease.
- remove the lease.
A use case for a fixed lease.
A use case that shows the usefulness of a fixed lease is the case of thin clients or disk-less workstations on the network that use PXE, i.e., boot the operating system from an image supplied by a networked tftp server. If the tftp server is hosted on the same server with the DHCP, the thin client receives both the lease and the image from the same server. More often, however, the tftp server is hosted on another server on the network, hence the client must be redirected to this server by the DHCP server, an operation that can be done easily adding a fixed lease on the DHCP server for the thin client, adding a next-address and the filename of the image to boot.
Besides the information supplied during the fixed lease creation, the list allow each lease to be enabled or disabled (by ticking the checkbox), edited, or deleted, by clicking on the icons in the Actions column. Editing a lease will open the same form as the creation of a new lease, whereas deleting a lease will immediately remove it from the configuration.
Note
All leases assigned by the DHCP server are stored by default
in the /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases file. Although the DHCP
daemon takes care of cleaning that file, it may happen that the
file stores lease that have already been expired and are quite
old. This is not a problem and does not interfere with the normal
DHCP server working. A typical entry in that file is:
lease 192.168.58.157 {
starts 2 2013/06/11 13:00:21;
ends 5 2013/06/14 01:00:21;
binding state active;
next binding state free;
hardware ethernet 00:14:22:b1:09:9b;
}
When the DHCP server is active, and at least one client has received a (dynamic) IP address, a third box appears at the bottom of the page, containing the list of the currently assigned dynamic IP addresses. This list report the IP address, the MAC address, the hostname, and the expiry time of the lease associated to each client.
A DNS server provides a service that allows to resolve the (numeric) IP address of a host, given its hostname, and vice-versa, and works perfectly for hosts with fixed IP address and hostname.
DDNS providers, like DynDNS or no-IP, offer a similar service when the IP addresses is dynamic, which is normally the case when using residential ADSL connections: Any domain name can be registered and associated to a server with a dynamic IP address, which communicates any IP address change to the DDNS provider. To be compatible and to integrate with the root DNS servers, each time IP address changes, the update must then be actively propagated from the DDNS provider.
The Endian 4i Edge Appliance includes a dynamic DNS client for 14 different providers and if enabled, it will automatically connect to the dynamic DNS provider to communicate the new IP address whenever it changes.
Note
If no dynamic DNS account has been set up, detailed instruction to register a new one, detailed online helps and howtos are available on the web site of the providers.
This page displays the list of the Dynamic DNS accounts. Indeed, more than one DDNS provider can be used. For each account, the list shows information about the service used, the hostname and domain name registered, if the anonymous proxy and the wildcards features are active, if it is enabled, and the possible actions.
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New accounts can be created by clicking on the Add a host link, providing the following parameters:
The drop-down menu shows the available DDNS providers.
This option only applies to the no-ip.com provider. The checkbox must be ticked if the Endian 4i Edge Appliance is connecting to the Internet through a proxy.
Some dynamic DNS providers allow all the sub-domains of a domain point to the same IP address. This is a situation in which two hosts like www.example.myddns.org and second.example.myddns.org are both located on the same IP address. Ticking this box enables the feature, making all the possible sub-domains redirect on the same IP address. The feature must be configured also in the account on the DDNS provider server, if available.
The hostname and domain as registered with the DDNS provider, for instance “example” and “myddns.org”
The credentials given from dynamic DNS provider to access the service.
Activate this option if the Endian 4i Edge Appliance is not directly connected to the Internet, i.e., there is another router or gateway before accessing the Internet. In this case, the service at http://checkip.dyndns.org can be used to find the IP address of the router.
Tick this checkbox to enable the account, which is the default.
Note
The dynamic DNS provider only resolves the domain name and not the associated services. If some service must be accessed from the Internet to the Endian 4i Edge Appliance or to some host behind the Endian 4i Edge Appliance, it is necessary to set up some port forwarding rules (see ).
After making a change in the configuration or to immediately update the dynamic DNS for all the defined accounts, click on the Force update button. This proves useful for example when the uplink has been disconnected and the REDIP has changed: When this happens, updating all the DDNS accounts is required, otherwise the services offered via DDNS will be unreachable.
The Endian 4i Edge Appliance uses NTP to keep its system time synchronised with time servers on the Internet. The settings available are grouped into two boxes.
A number of time server hosts on the Internet are preconfigured and used by the system, but custom time servers can be specified after ticking the Override default NTP servers checkbox. This might prove necessary when running a setup that does not allow the Endian 4i Edge Appliance to reach the Internet. Several time servers addresses can be supplied, one per line, in the small form that will show up.
This box also shows the current time zone setting, that can also be changed by choosing a different one from the drop-down menu. An immediate synchronisation can be done by clicking on the Synchronize now button.
The second box gives the possibility to manually change the system time. While this is not recommended, this action proves useful when the system clock is way off and an immediate update of the Endian 4i Edge Appliance’s clock to the correct time is needed.
Automatic synchronisation using time servers is not done instantly, but the clock is “slow down” or “speed up” a bit to recover and align to the correct time, hence a system with a significant error in its time may require a long period to be corrected. In those cases, forcing a manual synchronisation represents a more drastic but immediate solution.
The Endian 4i Edge Appliance includes the well known intrusion detection (IDS) and prevention (IPS) system snort, which is directly built into iptables, to intercept and drop connections from unwanted or distrusted sources.
The page contains two tabs, Intrusion Prevention System and Rules.
Changed in version 5.0: The Editor Tab has been incorporated in the Rules tab.
If snort is not active, a grey switch 
next to the
Enable IPS label appears on the page and can be clicked on
to start the service. After a short interval, the page will contain
some options to configure the service, grouped in boxes.
Intrusion Prevention System settings
This box allows to define the automatic download and installation of the snort rules.
Ticking this box will let the Endian 4i Edge Appliance automatically download the snort rules from the Endian Network.
Note
If the Endian 4i Edge Appliance is not registered, or its maintenance has expired, rules are not downloaded anymore. An informative message is also shown at the bottom of the page.
The frequency of download of the rules: A drop-down menu allows to choose one of the hourly, daily, weekly, or monthly options. This option appears only if the previous option has been activated.
Emerging Threats SNORT rules
This box contains a button to download Emerging Threats’ rules from the Endian repository, and an informative message that informs of the last time the rules have been manually downloaded:
Rules last updated: 2017-08-01 10:48:31
By clicking on this button, the signatures for the IPS service will be immediately downloaded from the emeringthreats.net web site.
Custom SNORT Rules
This box can be used to upload to the Endian 4i Edge Appliance a file containing custom SNORT rules.
Pick one file from the file selection window that opens upon clicking this button.
Click on this button to upload the file and use it with snort.
On the Rules tab appears the list of rulesets that are stored on the Endian 4i Edge Appliance, along with the number of rules they contain and the actions that can be done on them:
- toggle the status of the rule set, enabled or disabled.
- The policy applied to packets, either they are
allowed to pass or are dropped.
- modify the property of the rule set.
- remove the rule set.
At the bottom of the list, the Choose an action button can be used to carry out an action on more than one rulesets at once, by selecting them (tick the checkbox on the left of their filename) and pressing one of the button underneath the list.
The policy of snort.
By default, the policy for all the rulesets is set to alert,
shown by the icon . This means that whenever a flow of
traffic will match the corresponding rule or ruleset, the traffic
will be allowed to pass and the intrusion attempt will be logged.
This behaviour can be changed by clicking on the alert icon to
toggle the policy into block, shown by the icon , with
the result that the intrusion attempt will be blocked, but no
message will be recorded in the log files.
After a policy of a rule or of a whole ruleset has been changed, it is necessary to click on the Apply button, for the changes to be applied.
A ruleset can be deleted by clicking on the trash can icon ,
while a click on the pencil icon opens the rules editor, in
which to independently edit each rule of a ruleset.
After selecting and clicking on the Edit button, the list of the rules included in the selected ruleset(s) is shown. The list can be narrowed down by entering some terms in the text box next to the Search label. To go back to the previous page, click on the Back button.
Warning
Turning on the IPS only implies that snort is running, but it does not yet filter the traffic. For snort to filter packets, the Allow with IPS Filter policy must be selected for the rules defined in the various Firewall configuration pages.
The Endian 4i Edge Appliance can be run in an HA mode, that can easily be setup using at least two Endian 4i Edge Appliances, one of which assumes the role of the active (i.e., master) firewall, while the remaining are standby (i.e., slave) firewalls.
If the master firewall fails, an election among the slaves takes place and one of them will become the new master, providing for transparent failover. If there is only one slave, though, it will immediately take over the master’s duties and allows a seamless failover transition to the secondary Endian 4i Edge Appliance in the event of a hardware failure on the primary appliance. This provides unparalleled hardware availability and redundancy for critical network operations and security.
In order to start up the HA service, at least one master and one slave Endian 4i Edge Appliances must be configured according to the following guidelines.
Note
The high availability module requires at least two completely identical Endian 4i Edge Appliances.
An important point to focus on when deploying high availability is that a duplication method for each and every connection to the Endian appliance must be provided. Every connection of the primary unit (e.g., WAN, LAN, etc.) must be replicated across the standby unit(s) to ensure that complete replication capabilities exist.
In this scenario, each network on the Endian 4i Edge Appliance (WAN, LAN, etc.) is connected to an external managed switch which has a unique VLAN assigned to each network. This deployment option consumes the least amount of network ports and provides for enhanced extensibility. Another option is to replace a single managed (VLAN capable) switch with smaller, separate switches for each network (WAN, LAN, etc.). This setup however may not be cost-effective and could be less reliable since the failure of any switch could break failover partially or completely.
In this page, there is only one box, which initially contains only one option:
Enable HA on the Endian 4i Edge Appliance, by default it is disabled.
Warning
HA does currently not support the automatic synchronisation of the hotspot’s database
After enabled, a second drop-down menu appears, High Availability side, that allows to configure the Endian 4i Edge Appliance as master or slave. Depending on this choice, different configuration options are available. Configuring a slave unit, however, requires that a Master unit have already been set up.
For the master side, the following options are available:
The special subnet to which all Endian 4i Edge Appliance that are part of
a same HA setup must be connected and defaults to
192.168.177.0/24. Unless this subnet is already used for other
purposes, there is no need to change it.
The first IP address of the management network. It is automatically set to 1 on the network chosen, and defaults to 192.168.177.1.
These options can be filled in to be notified by e-mail when a failover event occurs. They are configured the same way as they were configured for other event notifications in : A custom sender, recipient, and subject of the email and the SMTP smarthost used to send the email.
Choose from the drop-down menu whether to enable or not the spanning tree protocol, STP. This option and the next one are important when the Endian 4i Edge Appliance is in gateway mode.
The priority of the bridge. It must be 1 on the master side.
A second box will appear after HA has been activated, with the list of the slaves with their IP address, a link to access their management GUI, and the possibility to delete a slave.
The HA management network.
The Endian 4i Edge Appliance uses a special network to connect the master to slave unit(s): 192.168.177.0/24. If this network has already been used in other zones, none of the already defined network(s) is deleted nor any change should be made to them. Indeed, in such a case, simply assign to the HA management network a different range of IP addresses, like, e.g., 172.19.253.0/24 or 10.123.234.0/28. It is important to note that the only requirement of the management network is that it must be large enough to accommodate the master and all the slaves, so if there are only a master and a slave devices, even a network as small as 192.168.177.0/29 should suffice. The management network will be created as an interface on the GREEN network, and it will show up as such on the device or when viewing the network status.
Warning
Make sure that the management network can be reached from the current LAN setup, or it will not be possible to login to the master unit!
After the master unit has been configured, the second Endian 4i Edge Appliance, that is going to be the slave, can be set up. The same procedure shall be followed for every additional slave to configure.
Warning
It is strongly suggested to make a backup of the slave unit before configuring it and saving it on a safe place, since it may become useful to restore a slave unit after it is removed from its role.
For the slave side the following are the available options.
The IP address of the master unit, which defaults to
192.168.177.1/24 if the management network had not be
changed. This value must match the one that appears as
value of the Master IP Address option on the master unit.
The password of the console root user (not the graphic administration interface) on the master.
These data will be used by the slave to retrieve from the master all the information needed and to keep the synchronisation.
Choose from the drop-down menu whether to enable or not the spanning tree protocol, STP. On the slave side, this option must have the same value as in the master side.
The priority of the bridge. On the slave side, it must be a digit or number higher than the one on the master side.
Upon saving the setup, the connection to the device will be temporarily lost, since the management network is created and then the two devices (the master and the currently defined slave) begin to synchronise.
After the synchronisation process is complete, the slave itself cannot be reached anymore via its old IP address (be it its factory default or its previous GREENIP address), since it has gone in standby mode and is connected to the master only through the management network. Any change made on the primary unit (the activation of a service, the change of one setting, the deletion of a VPN user, and so on) will automatically be synced to the slave unit(s) with the exception of updates, upgrades, or device backups (these have to be performed manually on the slave unit).
Moreover, the slave Endian unit will automatically appear on the master’s list of slaves and switch to an informational-only web interface that can be accessed from the master, by following the Go to Management GUI link next to each of the entries of the list of slaves.
The RED MAC Address
During the HA failover, the RED interface MAC address is not replicated onto the slave unit. This can represent a problem if the ISP requires to use the Sticky IP setup. In this situation, the IP address assigned from the ISP is determined from the MAC address of the client’s network interface, similarly to a fixed IP asssigned from a DHCP server to a client. it may not be possible to reconnect with the slave unit. To avoid this situation, it is necessary to utilise the spoofed MAC address feature on the RED interface in order for HA to work properly. This will ensure that when the HA is activated the MAC address will carry over to the standby unit and will not require manual intervention. This can be achieved on the slave, before activating it, by ticking the option Use custom MAC address under and specifying the MAC address of the RED interface on the Master. Alternatively, the MAC address can be entered in the step 4 of the network installation wizard, writing the master’s MAC address in the Spoof MAC address with option.
See also
A step by step guide to configure HA on the Endian 4i Edge Appliance.
Traffic monitoring is done by ntopng and can be enabled or disabled by clicking on the main switch on this page. Once traffic monitoring is enabled a link to its new administration interface appears in the lower section of the page. There, the traffic can be visualised and analysed by host, protocol, local network interface and many other types of information: All these operations can be carried out directly from the Traffic Monitoring module in The Logs and Reports Menu.
The SNMP is used to monitor network-attached devices, and can be used e.g., to control the status of the internal infrastructure.
To enable the SNMP Server is sufficient to click on the grey switch next to the Enable SNMP server label: Once done so, a few options will appear in the Settings box.
A key that is needed to read the data with an SNMP client.
An identification string that can be set to anything, but it is suggested that it describe the location of the Endian 4i Edge Appliance.
The SNMP Server requires to configure an e-mail address as the system contact, and the global e-mail address provided during the installation procedure is used by default. In order to use a custom e-mail address, tick the checkbox to activate the next option.
Write the e-mail address of the administrator to be contacted.
The purpose of the QoS module is to prioritise the IP traffic that is flowing through the Endian 4i Edge Appliance depending on the service. In other words, the QoS is a convenient way to reserve a given amount of the available bandwidth (both incoming and outgoing) for a given service. Applications that typically need to be prioritised over bulk traffic are interactive services such as SSH or VoIP.
The QoS configuration options are arranged into four tabs: Devices, Classes, Rules and Tagging.
The Device tab is also the starting page for the QoS and is initially empty. Once populated, a table showing a list of all the Quality of Service devices appears and for each device, some parameters and the available actions are displayed.
New QoS devices can be added by clicking on the Add Quality of Service Device link above the list and by configuring a few options.
The network interface that will be used by this device. Choices are among the existent network interfaces, the zones enabled on the system, the uplinks, and the OpenVPN tunnels if defined, and can be selected from a drop-down menu.
The downstream speed of the interface.
The upstream speed of the interface.
Enable the QoS (default) or not.
The actions available on the devices are:
- enable or disable the device.
- modify the properties of the device.
- remove the device.
When editing a device, the same form opens as when adding a new device, in which to modify the current device’s parameters.
For every device added, four items will appear under the Classes tab: Three for high, medium, and low priority, respectively, and one for bulk traffic (see below).
This tab shows a list of all Quality of Service classes that have been created, if any. For each entry, several data are shown. New items can be added by clicking on the Add Quality of Service Class link above the list of classes. The parameters to configure are the same shown in the list:
The name of the Quality of Service class.
The drop down menu allows to choose the Quality of Service device for which the class was created.
Hint
At least one QoS device must have been created before defining a QoS class.
The amount of bandwidth that has been reserved for this class from the device’s overall available bandwidth, either in percentage or in kilobit per second.
The maximum amount of bandwidth this class may use, either in percentage or in kilobit per second.
The priority of the class, from 0 (low) to 10 (high), selected from a dropdown menu
Note
The sum of reserved percentages can not be greater than 100 per device. Moreover, the reserved bandwidth can not be higher than the limit bandwidth.
The actions available are:
- modify the properties of the device.
- move the class in the list.
- remove the device.
Classes can be moved up or down the list: Items closer to the top of the list are the first to be processed when the bandwidth does not suffice for all the traffic and the Endian 4i Edge Appliance needs to choose which traffic should be prioritised.
The third tab displays a list of the already defined Quality of Service Rules and allows to specify which type of traffic should belong to each of the classes. To add a new Quality of Service rule click on the Add Quality of Service Rule link. In the form that will open, which is very similar to the one used to define firewall rules, several values should be configured. Many drop-down menus are employed here to ease the choices and guide through the configuration.
Hint
To define rules that resemble those involving IPsec users in the 2.5.X version, it is necessary to specify the following values for the two options:
Source: The zone to which the IPsec user was bridged.
Destination Network/IP: the remote subnet behind the IPsec user.
Choose from the drop-down menu the traffic source, either a Zone or interface, a network, an IP or MAC address. Depending on this choice, different values can be specified: A zone or interface from the available ones from those that will be displayed, or one or more IP addresses, networks, or MAC addresses.
Choose the destination device or traffic class from the drop-down menu.
Write in the text area the target network or IP addresses, which must be reachable from the device or traffic class chosen in the previous option.
These two drop-down menus are used to define the service, protocol, and destination port for the rule (when choosing one of TCP, UDP, or TCP + UDP protocols). Some predefined combinations Service/Protocol/Port exists, like HTTP/TCP/80, <ALL>/TCP+UDP/0:65535, or <ANY>, which is a shortcut for all services, protocols, and ports. Finally, in the Destination port, one or more custom port number can be supplied (this proves useful when some service does not run on a standard port).
Type
Choose from the drop-down menu which tag to use to mark the traffic: a TOS flag, a DSCP class or a DSCP value. Depending on your choice one of these options will appear, unless
<ANY>is chosen.
Choosing TOS or DSCP class in the previous drop-down menu allows to choose a suitable value for the traffic to match from another drop-down menu.
This filed appears only when DSCP value is chosen in the TOS/DSCP type above. It allows to enter a custom value for DSCP, that will be used to fire the rule when matched.
Tick the checkbox to enable the rule.
A comment to identify the rule.
Note
If there is more than one service in a Quality of Service class, then all these services together will share the reserved bandwidth.
The actions available on the rules are:
- enable or disable the rule.
- modify the properties of the rule.
- remove the rule.
The fourth tab is different from the others as it is used to classify and prioritise traffic. In other words, the traffic can be marked or tagged to allow external devices to handle it accordingly. This is particularly useful in a scenario with limited bandwidth and the uplink device, e.g., a modem, can only prioritise traffic based on TOS or DSCP flags in the packets. When clicking on the Add Quality of Service Rule link the editor opens, which is similar to the one under the Rules tab. These are the available options:
Choose from the drop-down menu the traffic source, either a Zone or
interface, a network or an IP, or a MAC address. Depending on this
choice, different values can be specified: A zone or interface from
the available ones from those that will be displayed, or one or
more IP addresses, networks, or MAC addresses. The default value is
<ANY>, meaning the rule will be applied to all traffic.
Choose from the drop-down menu the traffic destination, either a Zone or interface, a network or an IP. Depending on this choice, different values can be specified: A zone or interface from the available ones from those that will be displayed, or one or more IP addresses or networks.
These two drop-down menus are used to choose the service, protocol, and destination port for the rule (when choosing one of TCP, UDP, or TCP + UDP protocols). Some predefined combinations Service/Protocol/Port exists, like HTTP/TCP/80, <ALL>/TCP+UDP/0:65535, or <ANY>, which is a shortcut for all services, protocols, and ports.
In this textfield one or more custom port numbers can be supplied; this proves useful when some service does not run on a standard port).
Choose from the drop-down menu which tag to use to mark the traffic: a TOS flag, a DSCP class or a DSCP value. Depending on your choice one of these options will appear.
This dropdown appears only when TOS is chosen above. It allows to define the TOS flag that will be set in all matching packets.
This dropdown appears when you choose DSCP Class above. It allows to define the DSCP class that will be set in all matching packets.
This field appears only when DSCP value is chosen in the Type field above. It allows to enter a custom value for DSCP, that will be set in all matching packets.
Tick the checkbox to enable the rule.
A comment to identify the rule.
The actions available on the rules are:
- enable or disable the rule.
- modify the properties of the rule.
- remove the rule.
The Serial Port Setup page allows to configure the Endian 4i Edge Appliance’s serial port as either serial console or serial server in three different operational modalities: Server, client, or console. The page is composed of two tabs, Port configuration and Serial server, while at the bottom of the page appears the list of all available serial ports, on which it is possible to carry out two actions:
- enable or disable a serial port
- modify the properties of the serial port.
In this tab it is possible to configure the available serial ports on
the Endian 4i Edge Appliance, by clicking on the corresponding icon. The
available options are:
A comment about the serial port’s configuration.
Tick the checkbox to enable the serial port.
By ticking the checkbox, it will be possible to connect to the Endian 4i Edge Appliance via the serial console.
Hint
The Serial Server tab allows no configuration if this option is enabled.
Choose the type of the serial port from the drop-down menu. Available options are: RS-232, RS-485, and RS-422.
The speed in baud of the serial port. Available values can be selected from the drop-down menu.
Hint
Modern appliances use a speed of 115,200 baud.
Choose the parity of the communication from the drop-down menu among the available values: None, Even, and Odd.
Select the data bits from the drop-down menu. Available values are 5, 6, 7 and 8.
The stop bits value, either 1 or 2, chosen from the drop-down menu.
When the standard used is rs232, an additional option can be configured in the Advanced settings panel.
Choose the type of control to be applied to the traffic flow. Possible values are none, ctsrts, and xonxoff.
This tab carries only an empty table if in the Port Configuration
tab the serial console has been enabled and does not allow any
configuration. The table shows the configuration -initially displaying
only the name of the serial port- of the serial server. In order to
configure the serial server in one of the available modalities, click
on the icon.
Tick the checkbox to enable the serial port.
A comment about the configuration.
Choose from the drop-down menu one of the available operation modes: Raw Client and Raw Server.
This option only appears when Raw Client is selected. Supply one IP address to which to forward the traffic when connecting to the serial port.
This option only appears when Raw Client is selected. Supply one port to which the traffic through the serial port will be directed.
This option only appears when Raw Server is selected. Provide a TCP port that will allow serial connection.
On the Advanced settings panel, one more option is available:
By ticking this checkbox more information about connections through serial console will be logged: This proves useful for e.g., troubleshooting.